National Household Travel Survey 2013
South Africa, 2013
Get Microdata
Reference ID
zaf-statssa-nhts-2013-v1.1
Producer(s)
Statistics South Africa
Collections
Metadata
Created on
Aug 19, 2014
Last modified
Aug 21, 2025
Page views
147228
Downloads
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- Data files
- nhts-2013-house-v1-20140718
- nhts-2013-person-v1.1
Cost of trip to return to residence (Q611COST)
Data file: nhts-2013-person-v1.1
Overview
Valid:
157273
Invalid:
0
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
loc_start_pos:
386
loc_end_pos:
391
Width:
6
Range:
0 - 999999
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Categories
| Value | Category | Cases | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 7248 |
4.6%
|
|
| 1 | 16 |
0%
|
|
| 2 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 3 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 4 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 5 | 42 |
0%
|
|
| 6 | 106 |
0.1%
|
|
| 7 | 232 |
0.1%
|
|
| 8 | 245 |
0.2%
|
|
| 9 | 120 |
0.1%
|
|
| 10 | 588 |
0.4%
|
|
| 11 | 102 |
0.1%
|
|
| 12 | 241 |
0.2%
|
|
| 13 | 107 |
0.1%
|
|
| 14 | 245 |
0.2%
|
|
| 15 | 415 |
0.3%
|
|
| 16 | 241 |
0.2%
|
|
| 17 | 143 |
0.1%
|
|
| 18 | 245 |
0.2%
|
|
| 19 | 88 |
0.1%
|
|
| 20 | 963 |
0.6%
|
|
| 21 | 112 |
0.1%
|
|
| 22 | 160 |
0.1%
|
|
| 23 | 83 |
0.1%
|
|
| 24 | 176 |
0.1%
|
|
| 25 | 575 |
0.4%
|
|
| 26 | 110 |
0.1%
|
|
| 27 | 103 |
0.1%
|
|
| 28 | 153 |
0.1%
|
|
| 29 | 55 |
0%
|
|
| 30 | 1056 |
0.7%
|
|
| 31 | 36 |
0%
|
|
| 32 | 133 |
0.1%
|
|
| 33 | 38 |
0%
|
|
| 34 | 65 |
0%
|
|
| 35 | 369 |
0.2%
|
|
| 36 | 88 |
0.1%
|
|
| 37 | 78 |
0%
|
|
| 38 | 79 |
0.1%
|
|
| 39 | 37 |
0%
|
|
| 40 | 742 |
0.5%
|
|
| 41 | 23 |
0%
|
|
| 42 | 71 |
0%
|
|
| 43 | 32 |
0%
|
|
| 44 | 52 |
0%
|
|
| 45 | 295 |
0.2%
|
|
| 46 | 43 |
0%
|
|
| 47 | 43 |
0%
|
|
| 48 | 70 |
0%
|
|
| 49 | 15 |
0%
|
|
| 50 | 1286 |
0.8%
|
|
| 51 | 15 |
0%
|
|
| 52 | 47 |
0%
|
|
| 53 | 15 |
0%
|
|
| 54 | 27 |
0%
|
|
| 55 | 127 |
0.1%
|
|
| 56 | 47 |
0%
|
|
| 57 | 33 |
0%
|
|
| 58 | 36 |
0%
|
|
| 59 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 60 | 685 |
0.4%
|
|
| 61 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 62 | 37 |
0%
|
|
| 63 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 64 | 15 |
0%
|
|
| 65 | 121 |
0.1%
|
|
| 66 | 18 |
0%
|
|
| 67 | 33 |
0%
|
|
| 68 | 23 |
0%
|
|
| 69 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 70 | 592 |
0.4%
|
|
| 71 | 12 |
0%
|
|
| 72 | 18 |
0%
|
|
| 73 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 74 | 26 |
0%
|
|
| 75 | 230 |
0.1%
|
|
| 76 | 12 |
0%
|
|
| 77 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 78 | 32 |
0%
|
|
| 79 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 80 | 615 |
0.4%
|
|
| 81 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 82 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 83 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 84 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 85 | 89 |
0.1%
|
|
| 86 | 15 |
0%
|
|
| 87 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 88 | 86 |
0.1%
|
|
| 89 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 90 | 332 |
0.2%
|
|
| 91 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 92 | 23 |
0%
|
|
| 93 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 94 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 95 | 71 |
0%
|
|
| 96 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 97 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 98 | 19 |
0%
|
|
| 99 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 100 | 1511 |
1%
|
|
| 101 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 102 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 103 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 104 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 105 | 50 |
0%
|
|
| 106 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 107 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 108 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 109 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 110 | 190 |
0.1%
|
|
| 111 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 112 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 113 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 114 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 115 | 31 |
0%
|
|
| 116 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 117 | 12 |
0%
|
|
| 118 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 119 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 120 | 583 |
0.4%
|
|
| 121 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 122 | 19 |
0%
|
|
| 123 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 124 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 125 | 108 |
0.1%
|
|
| 126 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 127 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 128 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 129 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 130 | 260 |
0.2%
|
|
| 131 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 132 | 12 |
0%
|
|
| 133 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 134 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 135 | 36 |
0%
|
|
| 136 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 137 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 138 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 139 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 140 | 231 |
0.1%
|
|
| 141 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 142 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 143 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 144 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 145 | 20 |
0%
|
|
| 146 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 147 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 148 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 149 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 150 | 1568 |
1%
|
|
| 152 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 153 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 154 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 155 | 12 |
0%
|
|
| 156 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 157 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 158 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 159 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 160 | 375 |
0.2%
|
|
| 162 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 163 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 164 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 165 | 28 |
0%
|
|
| 166 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 167 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 168 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 169 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 170 | 401 |
0.3%
|
|
| 171 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 172 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 173 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 174 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 175 | 93 |
0.1%
|
|
| 176 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 177 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 178 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 179 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 180 | 467 |
0.3%
|
|
| 181 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 182 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 183 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 184 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 185 | 15 |
0%
|
|
| 186 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 187 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 188 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 189 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 190 | 165 |
0.1%
|
|
| 192 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 194 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 195 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 196 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 197 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 198 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 200 | 1450 |
0.9%
|
|
| 201 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 202 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 203 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 204 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 205 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 206 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 207 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 208 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 209 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 210 | 57 |
0%
|
|
| 211 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 212 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 213 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 214 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 215 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 216 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 218 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 220 | 122 |
0.1%
|
|
| 221 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 223 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 224 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 225 | 33 |
0%
|
|
| 226 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 227 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 229 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 230 | 74 |
0%
|
|
| 231 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 232 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 233 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 235 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 237 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 238 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 240 | 105 |
0.1%
|
|
| 241 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 242 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 245 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 247 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 248 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 250 | 651 |
0.4%
|
|
| 254 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 255 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 256 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 258 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 259 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 260 | 62 |
0%
|
|
| 261 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 262 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 264 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 265 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 266 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 267 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 270 | 51 |
0%
|
|
| 274 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 275 | 16 |
0%
|
|
| 276 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 277 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 280 | 94 |
0.1%
|
|
| 282 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 285 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 286 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 288 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 289 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 290 | 25 |
0%
|
|
| 295 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 296 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 300 | 880 |
0.6%
|
|
| 302 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 303 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 305 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 306 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 310 | 14 |
0%
|
|
| 313 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 314 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 315 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 316 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 318 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 320 | 52 |
0%
|
|
| 324 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 325 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 326 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 327 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 328 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 330 | 23 |
0%
|
|
| 332 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 334 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 335 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 337 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 340 | 37 |
0%
|
|
| 342 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 345 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 348 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 350 | 419 |
0.3%
|
|
| 355 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 357 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 358 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 360 | 74 |
0%
|
|
| 361 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 362 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 363 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 365 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 366 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 368 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 369 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 370 | 70 |
0%
|
|
| 373 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 375 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 378 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 380 | 73 |
0%
|
|
| 385 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 390 | 17 |
0%
|
|
| 392 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 395 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 400 | 715 |
0.5%
|
|
| 402 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 405 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 406 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 408 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 410 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 414 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 415 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 417 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 420 | 28 |
0%
|
|
| 425 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 430 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 435 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 440 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 443 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 445 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 450 | 253 |
0.2%
|
|
| 455 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 456 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 458 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 460 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 463 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 468 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 470 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 472 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 475 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 478 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 480 | 33 |
0%
|
|
| 485 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 486 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 488 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 490 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 492 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 499 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 500 | 819 |
0.5%
|
|
| 502 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 506 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 507 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 508 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 509 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 510 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 511 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 515 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 518 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 520 | 13 |
0%
|
|
| 521 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 525 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 526 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 530 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 540 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 544 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 545 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 550 | 91 |
0.1%
|
|
| 554 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 560 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 566 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 570 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 571 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 580 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 586 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 590 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 600 | 439 |
0.3%
|
|
| 603 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 609 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 610 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 620 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 630 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 632 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 640 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 650 | 57 |
0%
|
|
| 660 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 670 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 675 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 678 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 680 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 690 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 700 | 196 |
0.1%
|
|
| 710 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 716 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 720 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 735 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 740 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 750 | 89 |
0.1%
|
|
| 752 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 758 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 760 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 770 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 780 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 790 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 800 | 236 |
0.2%
|
|
| 803 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 808 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 810 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 818 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 820 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 822 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 830 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 835 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 836 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 845 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 849 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 850 | 27 |
0%
|
|
| 855 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 857 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 858 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 860 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 862 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 868 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 880 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 888 | 35 |
0%
|
|
| 900 | 81 |
0.1%
|
|
| 918 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 920 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 930 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 950 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 960 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 970 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 973 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 980 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 988 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 999 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 1000 | 448 |
0.3%
|
|
| 1001 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1007 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1008 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1028 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1050 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 1060 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1080 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1100 | 16 |
0%
|
|
| 1110 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1117 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1127 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1140 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 1150 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 1170 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 1175 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1200 | 129 |
0.1%
|
|
| 1234 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 1240 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 1250 | 23 |
0%
|
|
| 1270 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1280 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1300 | 31 |
0%
|
|
| 1350 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 1400 | 30 |
0%
|
|
| 1450 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 1464 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1500 | 213 |
0.1%
|
|
| 1506 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1600 | 35 |
0%
|
|
| 1610 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1650 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 1680 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1700 | 19 |
0%
|
|
| 1750 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 1780 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1800 | 29 |
0%
|
|
| 1818 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 1900 | 12 |
0%
|
|
| 1950 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 2000 | 197 |
0.1%
|
|
| 2006 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2010 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2100 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2110 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2150 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2200 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 2220 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2250 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 2280 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2300 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2400 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 2500 | 102 |
0.1%
|
|
| 2550 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2600 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 2650 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 2700 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 2800 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 2850 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 3000 | 96 |
0.1%
|
|
| 3006 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 3010 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 3100 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 3200 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 3220 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 3275 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 3500 | 24 |
0%
|
|
| 3600 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 3638 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 3700 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 3800 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 3900 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 4000 | 67 |
0%
|
|
| 4010 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 4180 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 4200 | 4 |
0%
|
|
| 4250 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 4270 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 4390 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 4450 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 4500 | 23 |
0%
|
|
| 4510 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 4600 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 4858 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 5000 | 56 |
0%
|
|
| 5006 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 5010 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 5100 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 5200 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 5500 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 5560 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 5900 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 6000 | 26 |
0%
|
|
| 6085 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 6300 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 6500 | 5 |
0%
|
|
| 6900 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 7000 | 10 |
0%
|
|
| 7500 | 11 |
0%
|
|
| 7510 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 7800 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 8000 | 17 |
0%
|
|
| 8080 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 8500 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 8800 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 8880 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 8900 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 9000 | 7 |
0%
|
|
| 9500 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 10000 | 29 |
0%
|
|
| 10228 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 11000 | 3 |
0%
|
|
| 11200 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 11400 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 12000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 12600 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 14000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 15000 | 8 |
0%
|
|
| 17000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 18000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 20000 | 9 |
0%
|
|
| 22000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 25000 | 6 |
0%
|
|
| 28200 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 30000 | 2 |
0%
|
|
| 35000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 44208 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 45600 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 55000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 60270 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 63000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 72500 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 80000 | 1 |
0%
|
|
| 888888 | 888888. Not applicable | 118216 |
75.2%
|
| 999999 | 999999. Unspecified | 1362 |
0.9%
|
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.