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Demographic and Health Survey 1998, South Africa

South Africa, 1998
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Reference ID
zaf-doh-dhs-1998-v1
Producer(s)
Department of Health, SA Medical Research Council
Collections
Statistics South Africa
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Created on
May 22, 2013
Last modified
Apr 04, 2022
Page views
447927
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  • Study Description
  • Data Description
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  • Related Publications
  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • survey_instrument
  • Data Collection
  • Data processing
  • Data appraisal
  • Data Access
  • Metadata production
  • Identification

    Survey ID number

    zaf-doh-dhs-1998-v1

    Title

    Demographic and Health Survey 1998

    Subtitle

    South Africa

    Country
    Name Country code
    South Africa zaf
    Study type

    Demographic and Health Survey

    Abstract

    The aim of the 1998 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) was to collect data for the National Health Information System of South Africa (NHIS/SA). The survey results are intended to assist policymakers and programme managers in evaluating and designing programmes and strategies for improving health services in the country.

    Kind of Data

    Sample survey data

    Unit of Analysis

    Households and individuals

    Version

    Version Description

    v1: Edited, anonymised data for public distribution

    Version Date

    2001

    Scope

    Notes

    The primary objective of the SADHS is to provide up-to-date information on:
    • basic demographic rates, particularly fertility and childhood mortality levels,
    • awareness and use of contraceptive methods,
    • breastfeeding practices,
    • maternal and child health,
    • awareness of HIV/AIDS,
    • chronic health conditions among adults,
    • lifestyles that affect the health status of adults, and
    • anthropometric indicators

    Coverage

    Geographic Coverage

    The survey had national coverage.

    Geographic Unit

    The lowest level of geographic aggregation of the data is Province.

    Universe

    The 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) covered the population living in private households in the country. It is only representative of women in South Africa between the ages of 15 and 49. An adult health module was also administered to a sample of adults aged 15 and over in half of the households selected for the main survey.

    Producers and sponsors

    Primary investigators
    Name Affiliation
    Department of Health Government of South Africa
    SA Medical Research Council Government of South Africa
    Producers
    Role
    Technical assistance
    Funding Agency/Sponsor
    Name Role
    United States Agency for International Development Funder
    Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
    Name Role
    Health Systems Research Coordination
    Research Co-ordination and Epidemiology Directorate Coordination
    Centre for Health Systems Research and Development Technical assistance in field work
    University of the Orange Free State Technical assistance in field work

    Sampling

    Sampling Procedure

    The sample for the SADHS was selected in two stages. Due to confidentiality of the census data, the sampling was carried out by experts at the CSS according to specifications developed by members of the SADHS team. Within each stratum a two stage sample was selected. The primary sampling units (PSUs), corresponded to the EAs and will be selected with probability proportional to size (PPS), the size being the number of households residing in the EA, or where this was not available, the number of census visiting points in the EA. This led to 972 PSUs being selected for the SADHS (690 in urban areas and 282 in non-urban areas. Where provided by SSA, the lists of visiting points together with the households found in these visiting points, or alternatively a map of the EA which showed the households, was used as the frame for second-stage sampling to select the households to be visited by the SADHS interviewing teams during the main survey fieldwork.

    Response Rate

    The results for the usual DHS schedule (women’s questionnaire) indicate that of 12,860 households selected in the survey, 95.2 percent were successfully interviewed. The main reasons for not successfully interviewing the households were refusals (1.8 percent), dwelling vacant (1 percent) and household absent (0.6 percent). The response rate at the household level was 97 percent. In these households there were 12,327 women aged 15-49, 95 percent of whom were successfully interviewed. The overall response rate for the women’s questionnaire is thus 92.3 percent

    survey_instrument

    Questionnaires

    The survey collected data with three questionnaires: a Household Questionnaire, a Woman’s Questionnaire and an Adult Health Questionnaire. The Household and Woman's questionnaires were adapted from the DHS Model Questionnaires to meet the needs of South Africa's national and provincial Departments of Health. The Adult Health Questionnaire included questions to elicit data for reporting on the indicators of country progress towards the Millennium Development Goals.

    Data Collection

    Dates of Data Collection
    Start End
    1998-01 1998-09
    Data Collectors
    Name
    University of the Orange Free State
    Centre for Health Systems Research and Development

    Data processing

    Data Editing

    All completed questionnaires for the SADHS were submitted to the provincial offices of King Finance (who were in partnership with the Centre for Health Systems Research at the University of the Free State), which then forwarded them to the MRC for data processing. The questionnaires were processed at the Medical Research Council offices in Cape Town. The processing operation consisted of office editing, coding of open-ended questions, initial data entry and subsequent re-entry of all questionnaires to ensure correct data-capture, and finally editing inconsistencies found by the computer program. The SADHS data entry and editing programs were written using ISSA (Integrated System for Survey Analysis) by staff from Macro International. A small proportion of the questionnaires were returned to the field to complete missing information. Data processing commenced in mid-March 1998 and was completed in October 1998.

    Data appraisal

    Estimates of Sampling Error

    The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the SADHS is the ISSA Sampling Error Module. This module used the Taylor linearisation method of variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

    Data Access

    Access authority
    Name Affiliation URL Email
    DataFirst University of Cape Town support.data1st.org support@data1.org
    Access conditions

    Public access data for use under a Creative Commons CC-BY (Attribution-only) License

    Citation requirements

    Department of Health and Medical Research Council. Demographic and Health Survey 1998 [dataset]. Version 1. Pretoria: DOH, MRC [producers], 2001. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/6mbk-a889

    Metadata production

    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    DataFirst University of Cape Town Metadata Producer
    Date of Metadata Production

    2022-04-04

    Metadata version

    DDI Document version

    Version 8

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