Demographic and Health Survey 1998, South Africa
South Africa, 1998
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Reference ID
zaf-doh-dhs-1998-v1
Producer(s)
Department of Health, SA Medical Research Council
Metadata
Created on
May 22, 2013
Last modified
Apr 04, 2022
Page views
376598
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3732
Identification
Survey ID Number
zaf-doh-dhs-1998-v1
Title
Demographic and Health Survey 1998, South Africa
Subtitle
South Africa
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| South Africa | zaf |
Study type
Demographic and Health Survey
Abstract
The aim of the 1998 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) was to collect data for the National Health Information System of South Africa (NHIS/SA). The survey results are intended to assist policymakers and programme managers in evaluating and designing programmes and strategies for improving health services in the country.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data
Unit of Analysis
Households and individuals
Version
Version Description
v1: Edited, anonymised data for public distribution
Version Date
2001
Scope
Notes
The primary objective of the SADHS is to provide up-to-date information on:
• basic demographic rates, particularly fertility and childhood mortality levels,
• awareness and use of contraceptive methods,
• breastfeeding practices,
• maternal and child health,
• awareness of HIV/AIDS,
• chronic health conditions among adults,
• lifestyles that affect the health status of adults, and
• anthropometric indicators
• basic demographic rates, particularly fertility and childhood mortality levels,
• awareness and use of contraceptive methods,
• breastfeeding practices,
• maternal and child health,
• awareness of HIV/AIDS,
• chronic health conditions among adults,
• lifestyles that affect the health status of adults, and
• anthropometric indicators
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The survey had national coverage.
Geographic Unit
The lowest level of geographic aggregation of the data is Province.
Universe
The 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) covered the population living in private households in the country. It is only representative of women in South Africa between the ages of 15 and 49. An adult health module was also administered to a sample of adults aged 15 and over in half of the households selected for the main survey.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Department of Health | Government of South Africa |
| SA Medical Research Council | Government of South Africa |
Producers
| Role |
|---|
| Technical assistance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United States Agency for International Development | USAID | Funder |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Health Systems Research | Coordination |
| Research Co-ordination and Epidemiology Directorate | Coordination |
| Centre for Health Systems Research and Development | Technical assistance in field work |
| University of the Orange Free State | Technical assistance in field work |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The sample for the SADHS was selected in two stages. Due to confidentiality of the census data, the sampling was carried out by experts at the CSS according to specifications developed by members of the SADHS team. Within each stratum a two stage sample was selected. The primary sampling units (PSUs), corresponded to the EAs and will be selected with probability proportional to size (PPS), the size being the number of households residing in the EA, or where this was not available, the number of census visiting points in the EA. This led to 972 PSUs being selected for the SADHS (690 in urban areas and 282 in non-urban areas. Where provided by SSA, the lists of visiting points together with the households found in these visiting points, or alternatively a map of the EA which showed the households, was used as the frame for second-stage sampling to select the households to be visited by the SADHS interviewing teams during the main survey fieldwork.
Response Rate
The results for the usual DHS schedule (women’s questionnaire) indicate that of 12,860 households selected in the survey, 95.2 percent were successfully interviewed. The main reasons for not successfully interviewing the households were refusals (1.8 percent), dwelling vacant (1 percent) and household absent (0.6 percent). The response rate at the household level was 97 percent. In these households there were 12,327 women aged 15-49, 95 percent of whom were successfully interviewed. The overall response rate for the women’s questionnaire is thus 92.3 percent
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 1998-01 | 1998-09 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face
Data Collectors
| Name |
|---|
| University of the Orange Free State |
| Centre for Health Systems Research and Development |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The survey collected data with three questionnaires: a Household Questionnaire, a Woman’s Questionnaire and an Adult Health Questionnaire. The Household and Woman's questionnaires were adapted from the DHS Model Questionnaires to meet the needs of South Africa's national and provincial Departments of Health. The Adult Health Questionnaire included questions to elicit data for reporting on the indicators of country progress towards the Millennium Development Goals.
Data Processing
Data Editing
All completed questionnaires for the SADHS were submitted to the provincial offices of King Finance (who were in partnership with the Centre for Health Systems Research at the University of the Free State), which then forwarded them to the MRC for data processing. The questionnaires were processed at the Medical Research Council offices in Cape Town. The processing operation consisted of office editing, coding of open-ended questions, initial data entry and subsequent re-entry of all questionnaires to ensure correct data-capture, and finally editing inconsistencies found by the computer program. The SADHS data entry and editing programs were written using ISSA (Integrated System for Survey Analysis) by staff from Macro International. A small proportion of the questionnaires were returned to the field to complete missing information. Data processing commenced in mid-March 1998 and was completed in October 1998.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the SADHS is the ISSA Sampling Error Module. This module used the Taylor linearisation method of variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.
Access policy
Access conditions
Public access data for use under a Creative Commons CC-BY (Attribution-only) License
Citation requirements
Department of Health and Medical Research Council. Demographic and Health Survey 1998 [dataset]. Version 1. Pretoria: DOH, MRC [producers], 2001. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/6mbk-a889
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DataFirst | University of Cape Town | support@data1.org | support.data1st.org |
Metadata production
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| DataFirst | University of Cape Town | Metadata Producer |
Date of Metadata Production
2022-04-04
DDI Document version
Version 8