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    Home / Data Portal / DFHS / ZAF-DF-PASES-1995-2024--V1
DFHS

Post-Apartheid Socio-Economic Series 1995-2024

South Africa, 1995 - 2024
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Reference ID
zaf-df-pases-1995-2024--v1
Producer(s)
Andrew Kerr, Amy Thornton, Martin Wittenberg
Collections
DataFirst - Harmonised SA Dataset Series
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Created on
Nov 21, 2025
Last modified
Nov 26, 2025
Page views
419
Downloads
51
  • Study Description
  • Data Description
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  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Data Collection
  • Data Access
  • Contacts
  • Metadata production
  • Identification

    Survey ID number

    zaf-df-pases-1995-2024--v1

    Title

    Post-Apartheid Socio-Economic Series 1995-2024

    Abbreviation or Acronym

    PASES 1995-2024

    Country
    Name Country code
    South Africa zaf
    Study type

    Household Survey

    Abstract

    The Post-Apartheid Socio-Economic Series (PASES) is a stacked series of 28 nationally-representative cross-sectional household surveys covering every year between 1995-2024, with the exception of 2000 and 2001. The source data consists of data from the October Household Surveys conducted every year by Statistics South Africa between 1995-19991 and the General Household Surveys, conducted every year by StatsSA since 2002. The current PASES includes data up to 2024. The surveys collect both household and person information and the series currently consists of just over 640 000 households and their 2.4 million members. A subset of variables from the survey data has been included and harmonised across time. Along with some new and derived variables, there are currently 119 variables in the dataset covering social, demographic and economic outcomes. The data are released in two files, a main file and an extra income variables file along with the syntax files used to create the data.

    Kind of Data

    Sample survey data

    Unit of Analysis

    Households and individuals

    Version

    Version Description

    v.1: Edited, anonymised data for public distribution

    Version Date

    2025-11-20

    Scope

    Notes

    PASES covers a variety of socio-economic and demographic outcomes in one dataset at both the person and household level. The focus of this first version of PASES is on labour market variables, mainly labour market status, and the harmonising, weighting and imputing of earnings information. The data also includes a consolidated set of variables on demographic and household characteristics, geography, education, household income, social grants, fertility, and transport.

    Coverage

    Geographic Coverage

    The data is nationally representative.

    Geographic Unit

    The lowest level of geographic aggregation of the data is Province

    Universe

    The survey covers all de jure household members (usual residents) of households in the nine provinces of South Africa, and residents in workers' hostels. The survey does not cover collective living quarters such as student hostels, old age homes, hospitals, prisons, and military barracks.

    Producers and sponsors

    Primary investigators
    Name Affiliation
    Andrew Kerr University of Cape Town
    Amy Thornton University of Cape Town
    Martin Wittenberg University of Cape Town

    Data Collection

    Dates of Data Collection
    Start End
    1995 2024
    Mode of data collection
    • Other
    Supervision

    PASES is based on anonymised publicly available from Statistics South Africa.

    Data Access

    Access authority
    Name Affiliation URL Email
    Manager, DataFirst University of Cape Town http://www.datafirst.uct.ac.za info@data1st.org
    Access conditions

    Public access data for use under a Creative Commons CC-BY (Attribution-only) License

    Citation requirements

    Kerr, A., Thornton, A., and Wittenberg, M. Post-Apartheid Socio-Economic Series 1995-2024 [dataset]. Version 1. Cape Town: DataFirst [producer and distributor], 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/49GK-P872

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Email URL
    DataFirst Helpdesk support@data1st.org http://www.support.data1st.org/helpdesk

    Metadata production

    DDI Document ID

    ddi-zaf-datafirst-survey-year-v

    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    DataFirst University of Cape Town Metadata creator
    Date of Metadata Production

    2025-11-21

    Metadata version

    DDI Document version

    Version 1

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