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NIDS-CRAM

National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey 2021
Wave 4

South Africa, 2020 - 2021
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Reference ID
zaf-saldru-nids-cram-2021-w4-v2.0.0
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25828/y5qj-x095
Producer(s)
Nic Spaull - Ronelle Burger - Rulof Burger - David Carel - Reza Daniels - Nwabisa Makaluza - Dorrit Posel - Vimal Ranchhod - Servaas van der Berg - Gabrielle Wills
Collections
National Income Dynamics Study-Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Created on
May 07, 2021
Last modified
Jun 25, 2026
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75199
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  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Survey instrument
  • Data collection
  • access_policy
  • Contacts
  • Metadata production
  • Citation

    • Identification

    Survey ID number
    zaf-saldru-nids-cram-2021-w4-v2.0.0
    Title
    National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey 2021
    Subtitle
    Wave 4
    Abbreviation or Acronym
    NIDS-CRAM 2021
    Country
    Name Country code
    South Africa zaf
    Study type
    Household Survey
    Abstract
    The National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey 2020 investigates the socioeconomic impacts of the national lockdown associated with the State of Disaster declared in South Africa in March 2020, and the social and economic consequences in South Africa of the global Coronavirus pandemic. NIDS-CRAM forms part of a broader study called the Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (CRAM) which aims to inform policy using rapid reliable research on income, employment and welfare in South Africa, in the context of the global Coronavirus pandemic. The study is run by researchers from the University of Stellenbosch, University of Cape Town (UCT) and University of the Witwatersrand (Wits). The NIDS-CRAM survey data collection and production operations were implemented by the Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU) at UCT. The data is collected with Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI), with data collection repeated over several months.
    Kind of Data
    Survey data
    Unit of Analysis
    Households and individuals

    Version

    Version Description
    v2.0.0: Edited, anonymised data for public distribution
    Version Date
    2021-06-30
    Version Notes
    In version 2.0.0 of NIDS-CRAM 2021 Wave 4 all weights in the Derived file were updated as a result of outcomes in Wave 5. Minor data cleaning and data quality error corrections were also undertaken on all variables.

    Scope

    Notes

    The NIDS-CRAM Survey collects data on the following for households and household members:
    Demographics (age, gender, race)
    Labour and income (education, employment, income, occupation, threats to business/income from the lockdown), pensions and government grants, financial support)
    Household and Social (housing type, household size, access to water and electricity)
    Health and COVID-19 (behaviour and knowledge related to COVID-19, tests, infections, symptoms, health facility visits, health conditions, access to medical insurance).

    Coverage

    Geographic Coverage
    The survey had national coverage. As NIDS was only designed to be nationally representative, it is inadvisable to use the NIDS-CRAM data to calculate provincial or regional totals.
    Geographic Unit
    The NIDS-CRAM data is at the country level only.
    Universe
    The universe of the study is South Africans 18 years old or older.

    Producers and sponsors

    Primary investigators
    Name
    Nic Spaull - Ronelle Burger - Rulof Burger - David Carel - Reza Daniels - Nwabisa Makaluza - Dorrit Posel - Vimal Ranchhod - Servaas van der Berg - Gabrielle Wills
    Funding Agency/Sponsor
    Name Role
    Allan and Gill Gray Philanthropy Funder of Waves 1-3
    FEM Education Foundation Funder of Waves 4-5
    Michael & Susan Dell Foundation Funder of Waves 4-5

    Sampling

    Sampling Procedure
    The sample frame for NIDS-CRAM is the NIDS Wave 5 CSMs and TSMs who were 18 years or older at the time of the NIDS-CRAM Wave 1 fieldwork preparation in April 2020. The sample was drawn using a stratified sampling design. No attempt was made to check whether successfully re-interviewed individuals resided in the same households as they did in Wave 5. In the survey, individuals from larger households were more likely to be sampled than individuals from smaller households.
    Weighting
    The weighted NIDS-CRAM survey data reflects the outcomes in 2020 for a broadly representative sample of South Africans 15 years and older from NIDS Wave 5 in 2017 who were followed up 3 years later.

    Survey instrument

    Questionnaires
    Though NIDS-CRAM is a follow-up with NIDS Wave 5 respondents, the NIDS-CRAM survey uses a much shorter questionnaire, with a focus on the Coronavirus pandemic and the national lockdown. The questionnaire was changed slightly across waves and data users should check the questionnaires for each wave when using the data.

    Data collection

    Dates of Data Collection
    Start End Cycle
    2020-05-07 2020-06-27 Wave 1
    2020-07-13 2020-08-13 Wave 2
    2020-11-02 2020-12-13 Wave 3
    2021-02-02 2021-03-10 Wave 4
    Data Collection Mode
    • Computer Assisted Telephone Interview
    Supervision
    Ethics approval for the NIDS-CRAM Survey was granted by the Commerce Faculty Ethics Committee of the University of Cape Town and the Research Ethics Committee: Social, Behavioral and Education Research, of the University of Stellenbosch.
    Data Collection Notes
    The NIDS-CRAM survey data collection and production operations were implemented by the Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU) based at the University of Cape Town. CATI interviews were conducted in the preferred official South African language of respondents.

    access_policy

    Access authority
    Name Affiliation URL Email
    DataFirst University of Cape Town support@data1st.org
    Access conditions
    Public access data for use under a Creative Commons CC-BY (Attribution-only) License
    Citation requirements
    National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (NIDS-CRAM) 2021, Wave 4 [dataset]. Version 2.0.0. Cape Town: Allan Gray Orbis Foundation [funding agency]. Cape Town: Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit [implementer], 2021. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/y5qj-x095

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email URL
    DataFirst Support University of Cape Town support@data1st.org

    Metadata production

    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    DataFirst University of Cape Town Metadata producer
    Date of Metadata Production
    2025-03-11

    Metadata version

    DDI Document version
    Version 8

    Citation

    Citation
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