Afrobarometer Survey 1 1999-2001 merged 12 Country ddi-afr-afr12-1999-2001-v1 DataFirst 2020-07-21 Nesstar Publisher Version 3 Afrobarometer Survey 1 1999-2000_merged_12 Country Afrobarometer Survey 1999-2001 Merged 12 Country AB12 1999-2001 afr-afr12-1999-2001-v1 Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Michigan State University (MSU) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Copyright, 2004, Afrobarometer 2011-02-27 Nesstar Publisher African Development Bank Michigan State University US National Science Foundation The Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation DataFirst Helpdesk Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer Project. Afrobarometer 1.5 Merged 12 Country Survey 1999-2001 [dataset]. Version 1. International: Afrobarometer [producer], 2004. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/6c4h-8q35 v1: Edited, anonymised dataset for public distribution Africa The survey has national coverage in the following 12 African countrires: Botswana, Ghana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa,Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is area. Depending on the administrative division of the country, area refers to either district/county/province/region. Households and individuals The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data Afrobarometer Project Face-to-face [f2f] Teams of four interviewers traveled together to the field under the leadership of a field supervisor. It was the supervisor's job to ensure quality control of survey returns on a daily basis. Interviewers, usually holding a first degree in social science, were trained in a five-day training workshop immediately prior to fieldwork. Interviews usually took about one hour and only proceeded after respondents have given informed consent. Strict confidentiality was required in handling survey returns. Note that for some surveys data is weighted to correct for either deliberate (e.g., to provide an adequate sample of specific sub-groups for analytical purposes) or inadvertent over- or under-sampling of particular sample strata. In these cases, a weighting variable is included as the last variable in the data set, with details described in the codebook. These weighting factors should be used when calculating all national-level statistics. DataFirst Afrobarometer Project. Afrobarometer 1.5 Merged 12 Country Survey 1999-2001 [dataset]. Version 1. International: Afrobarometer [producer], 2004. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/6c4h-8q35 Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. afromerge1.12.NSDstat Afrobarometer 1999-2001 Merged Round 1 Data 0 143 Nesstar 200801 Reference number 0 0 Respondent number 0 0 Country 0 0 1 Botswana 2 Ghana 3 Lesotho 4 Malawi 5 Mali 6 Namibia 7 Nigeria 8 South Africa 9 Tanzania 10 Uganda 11 Zambia 12 Zimbabwe District/County/Province/Region 0 0 1 Erongo 2 Hardap 3 Karas 4 Khomas 5 Kunene 6 Ohangwena 7 Okavango 8 Omaheke 9 Omusati 10 Oshana 11 Oshikoto 12 Otjozondjupa 13 Caprivi 14 Bulawayo 15 Manicaland 16 Midland 17 Mashonaland West 18 Mashonaland Cenral 19 Mashonaland East 20 Matabeland South 21 Matabeland North 22 Masvingo 23 Harare 24 Central Province 25 Copperbelt 26 Eastern Province 27 North-Western Province 28 Southern Province 29 Lusaka 30 Northern Province 31 Western Province 32 Luapula 33 Malawi North 34 Malawi Central 35 Malawi South 36 Gaborone 37 Lobatse 38 Francistown 39 Jwaneng 40 Selibe-Phikwe 41 Southeast 42 Kweneng 43 Botswana Central 44 Kgalagadi 45 Chitipa 46 Mzimba 47 Nkhata Bay 48 Kasunga 49 Lilongwe 50 Ntchisi 51 Salima 52 Ntcheu 53 Zomba 54 Chiradzulu 55 Blantyre 56 Chikwawa 57 Nsanje 58 Mulanje 59 Mwanza 60 Botha-Bothe 61 Leribe 62 Berea 63 Maseru 64 Mafeteng 65 Mohales Hoek 66 Quthing 67 Qachas Nek 68 Mokhotlong 69 Thaba-Tseka 70 Greater Accra 71 Volta 72 Northern 73 Brong-Ahafo 74 Ashanti 75 Western 76 Eastern 77 Central 78 Upper East 79 Upper West 80 Bamako 81 Gao 82 Kayes 83 Kidal 84 Kkro 85 Mopti 86 Segou 87 Sikasso 88 Tbtou 100 Eastern Cape 101 Free State 102 Gauteng 103 Kwa-Zulu Natal 104 Mpumalanga 105 Northern Cape 106 Northern Province 107 North West 108 Western Cape 110 Abia 111 Akwa-Ibom 112 Bauchi 113 Bayelsa 114 Benue 115 Borno 116 Delta 117 Edo 118 Enugu 119 F.C.T. 120 Kano 121 Katsina 122 Kwara 123 Lagos 124 Niger 125 Ogun 126 Ondo 127 Osun 128 Oyo 129 Plateau 130 Rivers 131 Sokoto 150 Apac 151 Arua 152 Bugirl 153 Bushenyi 154 Busia 155 Gulu 156 Iganga 157 Jinja 158 Kabale 159 Kabarole 160 Kampala 161 Kamuli 162 Kasesse 163 Katakwi 164 Kibale 165 Kiboga 166 Kisoro 167 Kitgum 168 Kumi 169 Lira 170 Luwero 171 Masaka 172 Masindi 173 Mbale 174 Mbarara 175 Mpigi 176 Mubende 177 Mukono 178 Nakasongola 179 Nebbi 180 Ntungamo 181 Pallisa 182 Rakai 183 Rukungirl 184 Soroti 185 Tororo 200 Arusha 201 Coast 202 Dar es Salaam 203 Dodoma 204 Iringa 205 Kagera 206 Kaskazini Pemba 207 Kaskazini Unguja 208 Kigoma 209 Kilimanjaro 210 Kusini Pemba 211 Kusini Unguja 212 Lindi 213 Mara 214 Mbeya 215 Mjini Magharibi 216 Morogoro 217 Mtwara 218 Mwanza 219 Rukwa 220 Ruvuma 221 Sinyanga 222 Singida 223 Tabora 224 Tanga 999 Missing data Identity 0 0 0 Don't know/can't explain 1 Language/Tribe/Ethnic 2 Race 3 Region 4 Religion 5 Occupation 6 Class 7 Gender 8 Individual/personal 9 Other 10 Won't differentiate 11 Pro-Movement 12 Traditional Leader 13 Party Affiliation 14 Age-related response 15 Continental 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing suppdemo/Support for democracy 0 0 1 Democracy is preferable to any other form of government 2 To people like me, it doesn't matter what form of government 3 In certain situations, a non-democratic government can be pr 4 Don't know 97 Not applicable 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing prevsyst/Rating of previous System 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 96 Don't Know 98 Refused to Answer 99 Missing Data elecsyst/Rating of current government 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 96 Don't know 98 Refused to Answer 99 Missing Data futsyst/Rating of future system 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 96 Don't know 98 Refused to Answer 99 Missing Data oneprule/Reject one-party rule 0 0 1 Strongly disapprove/disagree 2 Disapprove/Disagree 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 4 Approve/Agree 5 Strongly approve/Agree 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data tradrule/Reject traditional rule 0 0 1 Strongly disapprove/disagree 2 Disapprove/Disagree 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 4 Approve/Agree 5 Strongly approve/Agree 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data milirule/Reject military rule 0 0 1 Strongly disapprove/disagree 2 Disapprove/Disagree 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 4 Approve/Agree 5 Strongly approve/Agree 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data presdeci/Reject presidential dictatorship 0 0 1 Strongly disapprove/disagree 2 Disapprove/Disagree 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 4 Approve/Agree 5 Strongly approve/agree 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data exptrule/Reject government by experts 0 0 1 Strongly disapprove/disagree 2 Disapprove/Disagree 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 4 Approve/Agree 5 Strongly approve/Agree 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data extndemo/Extent of democracy 0 0 0 Not a democracy 1 Major problems, but still a democracy 2 Minor problems, but still a democracy 3 Full democracy/completely democratic 4 yes, this country is a democracy 9 Don't know/Don't understand question 97 Not applicable 98 refused to answer 99 Missing data satisdem/Satisfaction with democracy 0 0 0 This country is not a democracy 1 Very dissatisfied 2 Somewhat dissatisfied 3 Neutral 4 Somewhat satisfied 5 Very satisfied 9 Don't know 97 Not applicable 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data votematt/Vote doesn't matter vs. vote matters 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data caresay/Careful what you say and do regarding politics 0 0 1 Strongly agree 2 Agree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly disagree 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data donews/Response: shut newspapers 0 0 0 Do nothing 1 Do something 6 This is not possible in this country 8 Support the government 9 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data dojudges/Response: dismiss judges 0 0 0 Do nothing 1 Do something 6 This is not possible in this country 8 Support the government 9 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data doelecs/Response: cancel elections and suspend parliament 0 0 0 Do nothing 1 Do something 6 This is not possible in this country 8 Support the government 9 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data markpric/Market prices, variety vs. low prices, shortages 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data schlfees/Free school/health, low quality vs. fees, high quality 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data csjobs/Civil servants keep jobs vs. retrench 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data privatiz/Government ownership vs. privitization 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data knowsap/Heard of SAP 0 0 0 No 1 Yes 3 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data helphurt/SAP helped most people vs. hurt most 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do Not Agree with Either 9 Don't know 97 Not Applicable 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data satissap/Satisfied with SAP/SAP's effect on your life 0 0 1 Very unsatisfied/ A lot worse 2 Unsatisfied/Worse 3 Neutral/No effect 4 Satisfied/Better 5 Very satisfied/ A lot better 9 Don't know 97 Not Applicable 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data Occupation 0 0 0 Unemployed /Applicant 1 Farmer/fisherman 2 Informal marketeer 3 Businessperson 4 Clerical worker / Sales girl 5 Artisan / Apprentice / Carpenter 6 Domestic worker 7 Miner 8 Technical worker / Company worker 9 Teacher 10 Government worker 11 NGO worker 12 Professional / Nurse / Accountant 13 Retired 14 Housewife 15 Student / Under graduate 17 Politician 18 Religious Leader 19 Transporter 20 Security Worker 21 Sportman 22 Taxi Driver 23 Traditional doctor / healer 24 Laborer 25 Sand dealer 26 Youth corper 27 Gadama 28 Medical worker 29 Soldier 30 Shop keeper 31 Services Worker 32 Fisherman 33 Industrial Worker 41 Employer,>10 employees 42 Employer, <10 employees 44 Supervisor 45 Non-manual office worker 46 Foreman/supervisor 47 Skilled manual worker (formal sector) 48 Skilled manual worker (informal sector) 49 Unskilled manual worker (formal sector) 50 Unskilled manual worker (informal sector) 51 Miner 52 Commercial farmer 53 Subsistance farmer 54 Farmworker 55 Domestic/maid 56 Armed services/police 59 Disabled 60 Never had a job 61 Don't know 95 Other 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data Gender 0 0 1 Male 2 Female Age 0 0 0 Don't know 101 Refused to answer 999 Missing Data Education 0 0 0 No formal schooling 1 Primary only 2 Secondary 3 Post-secondary 10 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data Home language 0 0 1 Afrikaans 2 Chewa 3 Chinyungwe 4 Chisena 5 Damara 6 English 7 German 8 Nama 9 Ndebele 10 Oshiwambo 11 Otjiherero 12 Portueguese 13 Rukwangali 14 Sesotho,Sotho, S.Sotho 15 Setswana/Tswana 16 Silozi 17 Shangaan/Tsonga/Ronga/Tswa 18 Shona 19 Swahili 20 Swazi 21 Venda 22 Xhosa 23 Zulu 24 Sepedi/N.Sotho 26 Bemba 27 Kaonde 29 Luvale 30 Nyanja 31 Tonga 32 Ngoni 33 Lomwe 34 Tumbuka 35 Yao 37 Nkhonde 38 Lambya 41 Akan 42 Dangaare 43 Dagbane 44 Ewe 45 Ga 46 Hausa 47 Frafra 48 Nzema 50 Dangbe 51 Wassa 52 Ahanta 53 Guan 54 Kasem 55 Kusasi 56 Moar 57 Bimoba 58 Konkomba 59 Chekosi 60 Chumburu 61 Noingo 62 Krobo 63 Ada 64 Waale 65 Nabi 66 Mamprulni 67 Zabagle 68 Gonja 69 Efutu 70 Senya 71 Grusi 72 Wangara 73 Dagomba 74 Buam/Lelemi 75 Nsahas 76 Brong 77 Basari 78 Kanjaga 80 Sefwi/Sehwi 81 Nchunmuru 82 Nafaana 83 Nkona 84 Bambara 85 Fulfulde/Peul 86 Senufo 87 Soninke 88 Malinke 89 Sonrhai 90 Dogon 91 Tamasheq 92 Bobo 93 Bozo 94 Khasonke 95 Arabe 96 Maure 98 Samoko 99 Bella 100 Mianka 101 Dafing 102 Mossi 103 Hausa 104 Yoruba 105 Ibo 106 Tiv 107 Ijaw 108 Nupe 109 Kanuri 110 Ibibio-Efik 111 Edo 113 Irobo/Urhobo 114 Idoma 115 Calabar 116 Ogoja 117 Knale 118 Igala 119 Boki 120 Igbira 121 Ikpon 122 Isoko 123 Ikan 124 Ishan/Esan 125 Anam 126 Annag 127 Itsekiri 128 Ika 129 Ukwale 130 Epie 131 Tangoa 132 Omoku 133 Ora 134 Auche 135 Okirika 136 Esako 137 Okpe 138 Owan 139 Ikwerre 140 Ibani 141 Kalabari 142 Ogoni 143 Akassa 145 Berieberi 146 Fulani 147 Kagoro 148 Bekwarr 149 Nkwana 150 Babur 151 Kiiba 152 Nungu 153 Kabba/Koro 154 Eggon 155 Kuba 156 Madara 157 Bura 158 Margi 159 Cabarmawa 160 Kibaku 161 Mafa 162 Beron/Birom 163 Angas 164 Iregwe 165 Afizere 166 Koro 167 Normana 168 Miango 169 Gyerawa 170 Eterco 171 Zar 172 Lantan 173 Mwaghauw 174 Pyem 175 Chawai 176 Gbaji 177 Nanba/Wanba 178 Jarawa 179 Katap 180 Tangale 181 Waja 182 Jukun 183 Bayam 184 Shuwa Arab 185 Ndochi 186 Kare Kare 187 Gwari 188 Rukuba 189 Alur 190 Ateso 191 Kakwa 192 Kinyarwanda 193 Kiswahili 194 Luganda 195 Lugbara 196 Lumasaba 197 Luo 198 Lusoga 199 Madi 200 Ruhororo 201 Rukiga 202 Runyoro 203 Rutooro 204 Ruyankole 205 Samia-Lugwe 206 Swahili 207 Chagga 208 Kurya 209 Nyakyusa 210 Pare 211 Haya 212 Sukuma 213 Luguru 214 Hehe 215 Masai 216 Mbulu 217 Makonde 218 Ngoni 219 Fipa 220 Nyamwezi 221 Jaluo 222 Zaramo 995 Other 998 Refused to answer 999 Missing data Race 0 0 1 Black/African 2 White/European 3 Coloured 4 Indian 5 Chinese/Japanese/Asian 6 Could not tell 99 Missing data Unemployed 0 0 0 No 1 Yes 2 Don't know/Don't Remember 98 Refused to Answer 99 Missing data Urban or rural 0 0 1 Urban 2 Rural 9 Can't Determine 99 Missing data radnews/Radio news 0 0 0 Never 1 Less than once a month 2 About once a month 3 About once a week/few times a month 4 Several times a week/a few times a week 5 Every day 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data tvnews/TV news 0 0 0 Never 1 Less than once a month 2 About once a month 3 About once a week/few times a month 4 Several times a week/a few times a week 5 Every day 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data newspap/Newspapers 0 0 0 Never 1 Less than once a month 2 About once a month 3 About once a week/few times a month 4 Several times a week/a few times a week 5 Every day 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data wofood/Gone without food 0 0 0 never 1 occasionally//sometimes/rarely 2 frequently/often 3 always 5 Don't know 99 missing data wowater/Gone without Water 0 0 0 never 1 occasionally//sometimes/rarely 2 frequently/often 3 always 5 Don't know 99 missing data wohealth/Gone without healthcare 0 0 0 never 1 occasionally//sometimes/rarely 2 frequently/often 3 always 5 Don't know 99 missing data woelecty/Gone without electricity 0 0 0 Never 1 Occasionally/Sometimes/Rarely 2 Frequently/Often 3 Always/Not Applicable (No Electricity) 5 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing Data wocash/Gone without cash income 0 0 0 Never 1 Occasionally/Sometimes/Rarely 2 Frequently/Often 3 Always 5 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing tired/Routine affected by worried, tired 0 0 0 Not at all/Never 1 A little/Sometimes 2 A lot/Often 3 Rarely 5 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data knowaids/Friend or relative died of AIDS 0 0 1 Yes 2 No 3 Will not say 4 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing meandemo/Meaning of democracy - 1 0 0 0 Don't know,etc. (incl. missing, no further answer) 1 Civil liberties/personal freedoms 2 Voting/electoral choice/multiparty competition 3 Social/economic development 4 Govt by the people/of the people/for the people 5 Peace/unity 6 Governance/effectiveness/accountability/ transparency 7 Equality/justice 8 Rule of law 9 Personal security 10 11 Majority rule 12 Group rights/freedoms 13 Power-sharing/unity of govt 14 Govt. to provide civic education 15 Movement/Musevini 19 Other positive meanings 20 Conflict/confusion 21 Corruption/abuse of power 22 Social/economic hardship 23 govt of the rich 24 Bad/poor govt/weak implementation 25 colonialism,foreign concept/domination 29 Other negative meanings 30 Mutual Respect 31 People Self-determination 32 Work Together 33 Mutual Understanding 80 Nothing/democracy is meaningless 91 Civilian politics/govt 92 Change of govt/leadership/laws 95 Other null/neutral meanings 98 Refused/won't explain 101 Other meandem2/Meaning of democracy - 2 0 0 0 Don't know, etc. (incl. missing, no further answer) 1 Civil liberties/personal freedoms 2 Voting/electoral choice/multiparty competition 3 Social/economic development 4 Govt by the people/of the people/for the people 5 Peace/unity 6 Governance/effectiveness/accountability/ transparency 7 Equality/justice 8 Rule of law 9 Personal security 10 11 Majority rule 12 Group rights/freedoms 13 Power-sharing/unity of govt 14 Govt. to provide civic education 15 Movement/Musevini 19 Other positive meanings 20 Conflict/confusion 21 Corruption/abuse of power 22 Social/economic hardship 23 govt of the rich 24 Bad/poor govt/weak implementation 25 colonialism,foreign concept/domination 29 Other negative meanings 30 Mutual Respect 31 People Self-determination 32 Work Together 33 Mutual Understanding 80 Nothing/Democracy is meaningless 91 Civilian politics/govt 92 Change of govt/leadership/laws 95 Other null/neutral meanings 98 Refused/won't explain 101 Other meandem3/Meaning of democracy - 3 0 0 0 Don't know, etc. (incl. missing, no further answer) 1 Civil liberties/personal freedoms 2 Voting/electoral choice/multiparty competition 3 Social/economic development 4 Govt by the people/of the people/for the people 5 Peace/unity 6 Governance/effectiveness/accountability/ transparency 7 Equality/justice 8 Rule of law 9 Personal security 10 11 Majority rule 12 Group rights/freedoms 13 Power-sharing/unity of govt 14 Govt. to provide civic education 15 Movement/Musevini 19 Other positive meanings 20 Conflict/confusion 21 Corruption/abuse of power 22 Social/economic hardship 23 govt of the rich 24 Bad/poor govt/weak implementation 25 colonialism,foreign concept/domination 29 Other negative meanings 30 Mutual Respect 31 People Self-determination 32 Work Together 33 Mutual Understanding 80 Nothing/democracy is meaningless 91 Civilian politics/govt 92 Change of govt/leadership/laws 95 Other null/neutral meanings 98 Refused/won't explain 101 Other meanmaj/Democratic society and majority rule 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meanfree/Democratic society and freedom to criticise the government 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meanelec/democratic society and regular elections 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meanprty/Democratic society and at least 2 parties competing 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meanbasc/Democratic society and basic necessities 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meanjobs/Democratic society and jobs for everyone 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meaneduc/democratic society and equal education 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data meaneqal/Democratic society and small income gap 0 0 1 Very important/Absolutely essential 2 Important 3 Not very important 4 Not important at all 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data respwell/People responsible for own well being vs. government 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data respjob/Jobs from private sector vs. from government 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data freeearn/People free to earn vs. government limits 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data startbus/Start new business too risky vs. good idea 0 0 1 A, Strongly 2 A, Somewhat 3 B, Somewhat 4 B, Strongly 5 Do not agree with either 9 Don't know resphous/Who responsible for building house 0 0 1 Government 2 Private Companies 3 Individuals 4 Combination 8 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data respcrdt/Who responsible for extending agricultural credit 0 0 1 Government 2 Private Companies 3 Individuals 4 Combination 8 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data respprim/Who responsible for producing and marketing main commodity 0 0 1 Government 2 Private Companies 3 Individuals 4 Combination 8 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data respscho/Who responsible for providing schools/clinics 0 0 1 Government 2 Private Companies 3 Individuals 4 Combination 8 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data respjobs/Who responsible for creating jobs 0 0 1 Government 2 Private Companies 3 Individuals 4 Combination 8 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data respcrim/Who responsible for reducing crime 0 0 1 Government 2 Private Companies 3 Individuals 4 Combination 8 Don't Know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data trustgen/General trust 0 0 1 Most people can be trusted 2 You must be very careful 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data intrpols/Interested in politics 0 0 1 Very interested/Always/most of the time 2 Somewhat interested/Some of the time 3 Now and then 4 Not interested/Hardly 5 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data dscspols/Discuss politics 0 0 0 Never 1 Sometimes/occasionally/only once 2 Often/frequently 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data undergov/Understand government 0 0 1 A, Strongly/Strongly agree 2 A, Somewhat/Agree 3 B, Somewhat/Disagree 4 B, Strongly/Strongly Disagree 5 Do not agree with either/Neither agree nor disagree 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data nmcllr/Name local government representative 0 0 0 Incorrect 1 Correct 5 Could not determine 9 Don't know 97 Not Applicable 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data nmmp/Name legislative representative 0 0 0 Incorrect 1 Correct 5 Could not determine 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data nmminfin/Name finance minister 0 0 0 Incorrect 1 Correct 5 Could not determine 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data nmvpres/Name vice-president 0 0 0 Incorrect 1 Correct 5 Could not determine 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data citproud/Proud to be a citizen 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data citchild/Children should identify as citizens 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data ideproud/Proud of identity group 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data idechild/Child should identify with identity group 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data idebest/Own identity group best 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data ideties/Stronger ties to own identity group 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data adeqliv/Present vs. past: living standard 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse/somewhat worse 3 About the same/no change 4 Better/somewhat better 5 Much better 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data handjobs/Handling creating jobs 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data handpric/Handling keeping prices stable 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data handgap/Handling reducing income gap 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data econcond/Satisfied with state of national economy 0 0 1 Not at all satisfied/Very dissatisfied 2 Not very satisfied/Dissatisfied 3 Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4 Fairly satisfied/Satisfied 5 Very satisfied 6 Don't know 99 Missing data satpast/Present vs. past: satisfaction with economic/life conditions 0 0 1 Much less satisfied/Much worse 2 Slightly less satisfied/Worse 3 About the same 4 Slightly more satisfied/Better 5 Much more satisfied/Much better 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing Data satfut/Present vs. future: life/economy in one year 0 0 1 much less satisfied/much worse 2 slightly less satisfied/Worse 3 about the same 4 slightly more satisfied/Better 5 Much more satified/Much better 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data livecond/Own living conditions compared to others 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 About the same 4 Better 5 Much better 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data ideconds/Identity group economic conditions compared to others 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 About the same 4 Better 5 Much better 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data freesay/Present vs. past: free to say what you think 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse/somewhat worse 3 About the same/no change 4 Better/somewhat better 5 Much better 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data freejoin/Present vs. past: free to join any organization 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse/somewhat worse 3 About the same/no change 4 Better/somewhat better 5 Much better 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data freechse/Present vs. past: voting freedom 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse/somewhat worse 3 About the same/no change 4 Better/somewhat better 5 Much better 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data equaltrt/Present vs. past: all treated equally 0 0 1 Much worse 2 Worse/somewhat worse 3 About the same/no change 4 Better/somewhat better 5 Much better 6 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data elhonest/Elections honest 0 0 1 Very dishonestly/Not free & fair 2 Somewhat dishonestly/Free & fair with major problems 3 Quite honestly/Free & fair with minor problems 4 Very honestly/Completely free & fair 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data citequal/All citizens treated equally 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data idenfair/Identity group treated un fairly 0 0 1 Always 2 To a large extent/most of the time 3 To some extent/some of the time 4 Hardly at all 5 Never 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data allgrps/Government represents all or just one group 0 0 1 One group only 2 Just a few groups 3 All citizens 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data whchgrp/Which group's interest represented by government 0 0 1 Afrikaans-speakers 2 Chewa/Chewa-speakers 3 Chinyungwe-speakers 4 Chisena-speakers 5 Damara-speakers 6 English-speakers 7 German-speakers 8 Nama-speakers 9 Ndebele-speakers 10 Oshiwambo-speakers 11 Otjiherero-speakers 12 Portueguese-speakers 13 Rukwangali-speakers 14 Sesotho,Sotho, S.Sotho speakers- 15 Setswana/Tswana-speakers 16 Silozi-speakers 17 Shangaan/Tsonga/Ronga/Tswa-speakers 18 Shona-speakers 19 Swahili-speakers 20 Swazi-speakers 21 Venda-speakers 22 Xhosa-speakers 23 Zulu-speakers 24 Sepedi/N.Sotho-speakers 25 White people 26 Black people 27 Coloured people 28 Indian people 29 Christian people 30 Muslim people 31 Catholic people 32 Religious people 33 Middle class people 34 Working class people 35 Poor/low class people 36 Farmers 37 Jindwi 38 Black African people 39 African people 40 Muchikunda 41 Budya 42 Zezuru 43 Ndau 44 Muungwe 45 Women 46 Men 47 Tumbuka 48 Karanga 49 Worker(s) 50 Korekore 51 Ovambo 52 Afrikaners 53 Boers 54 Businessmen 55 Unemployed people 56 Kavango 57 San 58 Khoi 59 Banderu 60 Students 61 Westerners 62 Top govt officials 63 Their people 64 ZANU PF members 65 Rich people 66 Zwimba people 67 Mugabe & other leaders 69 Elite 70 Govt workers 71 Bourgeouise 72 Ruling class 73 Bangwato 74 Basarwa 75 Bangwato and Bakalaka 76 Chinese 77 Central Region 78 People who live with President 79 Machinga 80 United Democratic Front constituencies (Malawi) 81 Football players 82 Politicians 83 United Democratic Front/UDF members (Malawi) 84 Yao/Achawa 85 Southerners/Southern Region (Malawi) 86 Northerners/Northern Region (Malawi) 87 Government itself 88 Lesotho Congress Democracy (LCD) 89 Don 90 Their families 91 Ministers 92 Govt officials 93 Town dwellers 94 People of same tribe 95 Bemba 96 Rich businessmen 100 Senior clergymen 101 Foreigners 102 Lesotho Congress for Democracy 103 dont know 104 clan eg Motaung 105 no one 106 Basotho National Party 107 South Africa 108 those in cities 109 foreigners 110 followers of ruling party 111 people of Mbeki 112 lawbreakers 113 educated people 114 lowlands community 115 police 116 people from north 117 his own village only 118 youth 119 Tsoene is flying 120 themselves 121 their own areas 122 sadc 123 normal people 124 shebeen queen 125 BNP and BCP 126 LCD parliamentarians given money free 127 Other 151 The governmental people/people at the corridor of power 152 The hausas, the yourubas and the ibos 153 They represent those that are in the realm of affairs 154 Yorubas 155 Their family's interest and their pocket 156 The elite 157 The upperclass/richmen/the interest of the money bag 158 The Hausa people/Northerners 159 Friends 160 Supporter 161 The ogoni people 162 The top military personnel 163 The Ibos/Igbo 164 The Itsekiris 165 The politicians 166 The contractors 167 The islamic group 168 Civil servant/Govt worker 169 Educated people/Academic literates 170 Poor masses 171 Those that are living in the urban area 172 The Egba's 173 South west 174 The tribe's group 175 People selected from a particular region 176 Community leaders 177 Kanuris 178 Uvwie 179 Edo's 180 Footballers 181 Urhobo 182 Eastern groups 183 Middle belt 184 Religious leaders 185 Merchant 186 Tradtional rulers 187 Those from F.C.T. 188 Christian 189 Business organisation 190 Women 191 The lucky ones 192 Working class 193 A capitalist 194 Medical services 195 Leader of the church 196 Leader of the mosque 197 Nothing/Can't say 997 Not Applicable 998 Refused 999 Missing handcrim/Handling crime 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data safepast/Present vs. past: safety 0 0 1 Much less safe/Much worse 2 Somewhat less safe/Worse 3 About the same 4 Somewhat more safe/Better 5 Much more safe/Much better 6 Don't know 98 Refused to anser 99 Missing data handcorr/Handling corruption 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data corrupti/Extent of corruption/bribery 0 0 1 Strongly disagree/Almost all 2 Disagree/most 3 Agree/a few/some 4 Strongly agree/Almost none 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data correlec/Corruption among elected leaders 0 0 1 Very common/Almost all 2 Fairly common/Most 3 Fairly rare/A few/some 4 Very rare/Almost none 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data corrserv/Corruption among civil servants 0 0 1 Very common/Almost all 2 Fairly common/Most 3 Fairly rare/A few/some 4 Very rare/Almost none 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data corrwrse/Present vs. past: corruption 0 0 1 Strongly disagree/Much more 2 Disagree/More 3 Agree/Less 4 Strongly agree/Much less 5 About the same 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data trpres/Trust the president 0 0 1 I do not trust them at all/Never 2 I distrust them somewhat/Sometimes 3 I trust them somewhat/Most times 4 I trust them a lot/Always 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data trpolice/Trust police 0 0 1 I do not trust them at all/Never 2 I distrust them somewhat/Sometimes 3 I trust them somewhat/Most times 4 I trust them a lot/Always 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data trcourts/Trust courts of law 0 0 1 I do not trust them at all/Never 2 I distrust them somewhat/Sometimes 3 I trust them somewhat/Most times 4 I trust them a lot/Always 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data trarmy/Trust army 0 0 1 I do not trust them at all/Never 2 I distrust them somewhat/Sometimes 3 I trust them somewhat/Most times 4 I trust them a lot/Always 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data trelcco/Trust electoral commission 0 0 1 I do not trust them at all/Never 2 I distrust them somewhat/Sometimes 3 I trust them somewhat/Most times 4 I trust them a lot/Always 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data trbroad/Trust national broadcasting 0 0 1 I do not trust them at all/Never 2 I distrust them somewhat/Sometimes 3 I trust them somewhat/Most times 4 I trust them a lot/Always 9 don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data presperf/Performance of President 0 0 1 Very unsatisfied/Strongly disapprove 2 Somewhat unsatisfied/Disapprove 3 Somewhat satisfied/Approve 4 Very satisfied/Strongly approve 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data mpperf/Performance of parliament or MP 0 0 1 Very unsatisfied/Strongly disapprove 2 Somewhat unsatisfied/Disapprove 3 Somewhat satisfied/Approve 4 Very satisfied/Strongly approve 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data cllrperf/Performance of local government or local councilor/mayor 0 0 1 Very unsatisfied/Strongly disapprove 2 Somewhat unsatisfied/Disapprove 3 Somewhat satisfied/Approve 4 Very satisfied/Strongly approve 6 Not Applicable for my area 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data handeduc/Handling education 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data handheal/Handling basic health 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Quite badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing Data handaids/Handling AIDS 0 0 1 Very badly/Not at all well 2 Fairly badly/Not very well 3 Fairly well 4 Very well 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data probctry/Most important problems -1 0 0 0 nothing/no problems 1 aids 2 agriculture/farming/livestock 3 communications 4 corruption 5 crime and security 6 democracy/political rights 7 development 8 discrimination/inequality 9 economy (national) 10 education 11 electricity 12 environment/drought 13 food/famine 14 gender/women's rights 15 governance 16 health 17 housing 18 infrastructure/roads 19 job creation/unemployment 20 labour 21 land 22 loans/credit 23 marketing 24 political violence/civil war (internal) 25 political violence/war (international) 26 political tension/instability/national unity/tribalism 27 poverty/destitution 28 rates and taxes 29 services (general) 30 sanitation/sewerage 31 traditional/moral values 32 transportation 33 violence 34 wages 35 water 36 social welfare 40 other economic problems 41 other social problems 42 other political problems 43 other 96 don't know 98 refused 99 missing/no further answer probctr2/Most important problems -2 0 0 0 nothing/no problems 1 aids 2 agriculture/farming/livestock 3 communications 4 corruption 5 crime and security 6 democracy/political rights 7 development 8 discrimination/inequality 9 economy (national) 10 education 11 electricity 12 environment/drought 13 food/famine 14 gender/women's rights 15 governance 16 health 17 housing 18 infrastructure/roads 19 job creation/unemployment 20 labour 21 land 22 loans/credit 23 marketing 24 political violence/civil war (internal) 25 political violence/war (international) 26 political tension/instability/national unity/tribalism 27 poverty/destitution 28 rates and taxes 29 services (general) 30 sanitation/sewerage 31 traditional/moral values 32 transportation 33 violence 34 wages 35 water 36 social welfare 40 other economic problems 41 other social problems 42 other political problems 43 other 96 don't know 98 refused 99 missing/no further answer convals/Constitution expresses values and aspirations of citizens 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data abidegov/Government has right to make authoritative decisions 0 0 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 9 Don't know 98 Refused 99 Missing data memrelig/Member/attends religious group 0 0 0 No, not a member/Never attend 1 Yes, a member/ever attend 9 Don't know 99 Missing data memdevel/Member/attends development association 0 0 0 No, not a member/Never attend 1 Yes, a member/ever attend 9 Don't know 99 Missing data membus/Member/attends business group 0 0 0 No, not a member/Never attend 1 Yes, a member/ever attend 9 Don't know 99 Missing data memunion/Member/attends trade union 0 0 0 No, not a member/Never attend 1 Yes, a member/ever attend 9 Don't know 99 Missing data Party affiliation 0 0 0 Neutral/No party 1 Congress of Democrats 2 dcn 3 dta 4 fcn 5 mag 6 swanu 7 swapo 8 United Democratic Front 9 Workers Revolutionary Party 13 Labour Party 14 Movement for Democratic Change 15 Democratic Party 16 Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe 18 Front for Popular Democracy 19 Democratic Alliance 20 Transparency Front 21 United Parties 22 Zimbabwe African People's Union 23 Zimbabwe Party 24 Zimbabwe People's Democratic Party 25 Zimbabwe Union of Democrats 26 Zimbabwe Integrated Party 27 ZANU-PF 29 Botswana Democratic Party 30 Botswana Labour Party 32 Botswana Progressive Union 33 Botswana Alliance Movement 34 Botswana National Front 35 Botswana Congress Party 36 MELS_Botswana 37 United Socialist Party_Botswana 38 Botswana People's Party 40 Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) 41 Agenda for Zambia (AZ) 44 United National Independent Party (UNIP) 45 United Party for National Development (UPND) 46 National Party (NP) 49 Zambia Alliance for Progress (ZAP) 50 Zambia Democratic Congress (ZDC) 51 aford 52 mcp 53 udf 54 United Party 57 Malawi Democratic Party (MDP) 59 African Muslim Party 60 African Christian Democratic Party 61 African National Congress 62 Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging 65 Democratic Party 66 Federal Alliance 67 Freedom Front 68 Inkatha Freedom Party 70 New National Party 71 Pan Africanist Congress 72 United Christian Democratic Party 73 United Democratic Movement 80 Basotho National Party 81 Basutoland Congress Party 82 Christian Democratic Party 83 Kopanang Basotho Party 84 Lesotho Congress for Democracy 85 Marematlou Freedom Party 86 National Progressive Party 87 New Lesotho Freedom Party 88 Popular Front for Democracy 89 Sefate Democratic Union 90 ndc 91 npp 92 cp 93 ugm 94 pnc 100 adema 101 cds 102 miria 103 cnid 104 psp 105 parena 106 rdt 107 rdp 108 US/RDA 109 mpr 110 udd 111 Rassemblement Malien pour le Changement RMC 112 Parti pour l'Unite, la Democratie et le Progres PUDP 113 Parti Ecologiste pour l'Integration PEI 114 Parti pour la Democratie et le Progres PDP 115 Bloc democratique pour l'Integration Africaine BDIA 116 Union des Forces Democratiques UFD 117 Rassemblement National pour la Democratie RND 118 Convention Parti du Peuple COPP 119 Parti Malien pour le Developement et le Renouveau PMDR 120 People's Democratic Party (PDP) 121 All People's Party (APP) 122 Alliance for Democracy (AD) 130 National Convention for Constitutional Reform (NCCR-Maguezi) 131 Civic United Front (CUF) 132 Tanzania Labour Party (TLP) 133 Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM) 134 Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA) 135 United Democratic Party (UDP) 140 Conservative Party 141 Democratic Party 142 National Democratic Forum 143 The Free Movement 144 Uganda People's Congress 145 Uganda Young Democrats 146 Movement 990 Don't Know 995 Other 998 Refused 999 Missing Data clseprty/Close to party 0 0 1 Yes 2 No 3 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data winlose/Close to ruling party or opposition 0 0 0 Loser 1 Neutral/no party 2 Winner 8 Refused 9 Don't know 99 Missing data votelast/Voted in last elections 0 0 0 I did not vote 1 I decided not to vote 2 Unable to vote 3 I voted 4 No election in my area 5 Can't remember 98 Refused 99 Missing data parcomm/Attend community meeting 0 0 0 Never 1 Only once/Once or twice 2 Sometimes/A few times 3 Often 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data parissue/Raise an issue 0 0 0 Never 1 Only once/Once or twice 2 Sometimes/A few times 3 Often 4 Would do if I had the chance 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data parrally/Attend election rally 0 0 0 Never 1 Only once/Once or twice 2 Sometimes/A few times 3 Often 4 Would do if I had the chance 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data parcand/Work for candidate or party 0 0 0 Never 1 Only once/Once or twice 2 Sometimes/A few times 3 Often 4 Would do if I had the chance 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data parnews/Write to newspaper 0 0 0 Never 1 Only once/Once or twice 2 Sometimes/A few times 3 Often 4 Would do if I had the chance 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data pardemo/Attend demonstration 0 0 0 Never 1 Only once/Once or twice 2 Sometimes/A few times 3 Often 4 Would do if I had the chance 9 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data conoffic/Contact government or party official 0 0 0 never 1 only once/twice 2 sometimes/a few times 3 often/frequently 5 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data coninflu/Contact influential person 0 0 0 never 1 only once/twice 2 sometimes/a few times 3 often/frequently 5 Don't know 98 Refused to answer 99 Missing data Within country weight 0 0 Cross-country weight 0 0 Cross-country weight x within country weight 0 0 Africa weight (countries weighted according to relative population size) 0 0 Africa weight x Within country weight 0 0