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  <citation>
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      <titl></titl>
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      <producer abbr="" affiliation="University of Cape Town" role="Metadata producer">DataFirst</producer>
      <prodDate date="2025-02-03">2025-02-03</prodDate>
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      <version>Version 5</version>
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<stdyDscr>
  <citation>
    <titlStmt>
      <titl>South African Police Service Annual Crime Records 2005-2026</titl>
      <subTitl/>
      <altTitl>SAPSACR 2005-2026</altTitl>
      <parTitl/>
      <IDNo>zar-saps-sapsacr-2005-2025-v1.4</IDNo>
    </titlStmt>
    <rspStmt>
      <AuthEnty affiliation="Government of South Africa">South African Police Service</AuthEnty>
      <othId role="Data preparation" affiliation="University of Cape Town" email="">
        <p>DataFirst </p>
      </othId>
    </rspStmt>
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    <serStmt>
      <serName>Other</serName>
      <serInfo><![CDATA[]]></serInfo>
    </serStmt>
    <verStmt>
      <version date="2026-09-14">Version 1.4</version>
      <verResp/>
      <notes><![CDATA[Version 1.1 includes district and local municipality variables extracted from the StatsSA Police District shapefile for Census 2022.
Version 1.2 appends annual crime records for the 2005-2006, 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 financial years. 
Version 1.3 appends annual crime records for the 2023-2024 and 2024-2025 financial years
Version 1.4 appends annual crime records for the 2025-2026 financial year, annualised from SAPS quarterly station-level releases. Four stations are recorded under gazetted names from Quarter 4: Aberdeen as Xamdeboo, Graaff-Reinet as Robert Sobukwe, East London as Kugompo, and Barkly East as Ekhephinit. Koopmansfontein and Tafalehashe appear for the first time (partial year).]]></notes>
    </verStmt>
    <biblCit format=""><![CDATA[]]></biblCit>
    <notes><![CDATA[]]></notes>
  </citation>
  <studyAuthorization date="2000">
    <authorizationStatement><![CDATA[The primary piece of legislation that obligates the South African Police Service (SAPS) to produce and provide access to crime records and statistics is the Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) (Act No.2 of 2000).]]></authorizationStatement>
  </studyAuthorization>
  <stdyInfo>
    <studyBudget><![CDATA[]]></studyBudget>
    <subject>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">crime statistics</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">police station</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">local municipality </keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">district municipality </keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">geocoded / coordinates</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">murder</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">sexual offences</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">robbery</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">burglary</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">theft</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">carjacking</keyword>
      <keyword vocab="" vocabURI="">drug-related crime</keyword>
    </subject>
    <abstract><![CDATA[In accordance with the Section 218 (f) of the Interim Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993 (Act No. 200 of 1993), the South African Police Service (SAPS) should enable the provision of crime intelligence data, criminal records and statistics on quartely and annual basis. The annual crime records cover crime perpetrated and reported to or detected by the police across all police stations in South Africa. The records include crime figures at station level that can be aggregated to both provincial and national levels. The crime records are divided into five broad crime categories, namely; contact crime, contact-related crime, property-related crime and other serious crime, making up the seventeen (17) serious types of crime reported to the police by the public, and crimes detected as a result of police actions.]]></abstract>
    <sumDscr>
      <timePrd date="2005" event="start" cycle=""/>
      <timePrd date="2026" event="end" cycle=""/>
      <collDate date="2005" event="start" cycle="Yearly "/>
      <collDate date="2026" event="end" cycle="Yearly "/>
      <nation abbr="ZAF">South Africa</nation>
      <geogCover>National coverage</geogCover>
      <geogCoverNote/>
      <geogUnit>Police station level</geogUnit>
      <geoBndBox>
        <westBL>16.45°E </westBL>
        <eastBL>32.89°E</eastBL>
        <southBL>-34.84°S</southBL>
        <northBL>-22.13°S</northBL>
      </geoBndBox>
      <anlyUnit><![CDATA[Police station ]]></anlyUnit>
      <universe><![CDATA[Recorded annual crime in each police station ]]></universe>
      <dataKind>Administrative records</dataKind>
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    <qualityStatement>
      <standardsCompliance>
        <complianceDescription/>
      </standardsCompliance>
      <otherQualityStatement/>
    </qualityStatement>
    <notes><![CDATA[The scope of the SAPS Annual Crime Records includes:

CONTACT CRIMES: These crimes involve the use of violence or a threat to use violence that is directed against the person of a victim. The category includes murder, attempted murder, sexual offences, assault with the intention to inflict grievous bodily harm, common assault, common robbery and robbery with aggravating circumstances (the latter divided into the subcategories of carjacking, truck hijacking, bank robbery, robbery of cash in transit, robbery at residential premises and robbery at non-residential premises).

CONTACT-RELATED CRIMES: This category includes only two crimes; arson and malicious damage to property. These are violent crimes committed against material assets with the intention to cause damage and or the destruction of another person’s property.

CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY: These crimes occur in the absence of the victim or under circumstances in which the victim is unaware of the crime being committed at the time (no person is directly or immediately harmed or threatened during the commission of such a crime). The category includes burglary at residential premises, burglary at non-residential premises, theft of motor vehicles and motorcycles, theft out of or from motor vehicles and stock-theft.

OTHER SERIOUS CRIMES: The category includes all theft not mentioned elsewhere (common or other theft), commercial crime (fraud-related crimes) and shoplifting.

CRIMES DEPENDENT ON POLICE ACTION FOR DETECTION: These are crimes in general not reported by members of the public, but mainly detected through direct police action, such as roadblocks and SAPS intelligence-led operations. An increase in this broad category of crime usually indicates intensified police activity rather than an increased criminal activity. Crimes in this category include unlawful possession of firearms and ammunition, driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol, unlawful possession of and dealing in drugs and sexual offences detected by police action (including prostitution, keeping of a brothel and pornography-related offences)

GEO-CODED DATA :
This version includes district and local municipality variables from the StatsSA Police District shapefile from Census 2022, alongside the GIS coordinate variables. These have been added to increase the utility of the the SAPS annual crime records. This means researchers can now group and compare crime records in a certain financial year by district and  local municipality.]]></notes>
    <exPostEvaluation completionDate="" type="">
      <evaluationProcess/>
      <outcomes/>
    </exPostEvaluation>
  </stdyInfo>
  <method>
    <dataColl>
      <timeMeth>Years are SAPS financial years, from 1 April to 31 March in the next year. The 2025/2026 year is April 2025 through March 2026.</timeMeth>
      <dataCollector abbr="SAPS" role="" affiliation="Government of South Africa">South African Police Service</dataCollector>
      <frequenc/>
      <sampProc><![CDATA[]]></sampProc>
      <sampleFrame>
        <sampleFrameName/>
        <custodian/>
        <universe/>
        <frameUnit isPrimary="">
          <unitType numberOfUnits=""/>
        </frameUnit>
        <updateProcedure/>
      </sampleFrame>
      <deviat/>
      <collMode>Other</collMode>
      <resInstru><![CDATA[Crime Docket]]></resInstru>
      <instrumentDevelopment type=""/>
      <collSitu><![CDATA[The crime docket is used as the main source document for official collection of offences in the SAPS. The data points found here represent the number of charges or counts and not the number of case dockets registered. One case docket can contain a single count of a specific offence, multiple counts of an offence or even several different types of offences. The recorded offences may involve one victim or complainant or multiple victims. If multiple offences are committed during a single crime incident, each offence will be recorded in addition to the primary offence. Thus, these additional counts also form part of the crime record (e. g. if murder and rape occurred during a house robbery incident, then all three crimes will appear in the crime records).]]></collSitu>
      <actMin><![CDATA[]]></actMin>
      <ConOps><![CDATA[]]></ConOps>
      <weight><![CDATA[]]></weight>
      <cleanOps><![CDATA[Each observation is now a set of offence variables reported to SAPS at a specific (fixed or mobile) station in a given financial year, with corresponding GIS coordinates. This structure increases the utility of the dataset by enabling robust spatial and time-series analysis of the crime records.]]></cleanOps>
    </dataColl>
    <notes><![CDATA[]]></notes>
    <anlyInfo>
      <respRate><![CDATA[]]></respRate>
      <EstSmpErr><![CDATA[]]></EstSmpErr>
      <dataAppr><![CDATA[This is not a balanced panel: 1 141 stations in 2005/2006–2007/2008, 1 151 stations from 2008/2009–2022/2023, 1 172 stations in 2023/2024–2024/2025, and 1 174 stations in 2025/2026. The 2025/2026 increase is two new stations; four further stations continue under new names, so Aberdeen, Graaff-Reinet, East London and Barkly East have no 2025/2026 row.]]></dataAppr>
    </anlyInfo>
    <stdyClas><![CDATA[]]></stdyClas>
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      <notes><![CDATA[]]></notes>
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      <restrctn/>
      <contact affiliation="University of Cape Town" URI="https://datafirst.freshdesk.com/support/home/" email="support@data1st.org">DataFirst</contact>
      <citReq><![CDATA[South African Police Service. South African Police Service Annual Crime Records 2005-2026 [dataset]. Version 1.4. Pretoria: South African Police Service (SAPS) [producer], 2026. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/5MAW-4H90]]></citReq>
      <deposReq><![CDATA[]]></deposReq>
      <conditions><![CDATA[Public access data for use under a Creative Commons CC-BY (Attribution-only) License]]></conditions>
      <disclaimer><![CDATA[]]></disclaimer>
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    <notes><![CDATA[]]></notes>
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  <notes><![CDATA[]]></notes>
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  <sumStat type="min"/>
  <sumStat type="max">2570</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="mean">54.428240932</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="stdev">127.7098214966</sumStat>
</var>
<var ID="V35" name="stock_theft" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <varFormat type="numeric"/>
  <labl>Stock theft cases</labl>
  <sumStat type="vald">24206</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="min"/>
  <sumStat type="max">545</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="mean">22.881269106833</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="stdev">32.846210896081</sumStat>
</var>
<var ID="V36" name="vehicle_theft" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <varFormat type="numeric"/>
  <labl>Motor vehicle theft</labl>
  <sumStat type="vald">24206</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="min"/>
  <sumStat type="max">2028</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="mean">47.461373213253</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="stdev">114.59466902582</sumStat>
</var>
<var ID="V37" name="theft_from_vehicle" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <varFormat type="numeric"/>
  <labl>Theft from vehicles</labl>
  <sumStat type="vald">24206</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="min">-1</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="max">3956</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="mean">99.750599025035</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="stdev">216.76708103068</sumStat>
</var>
<var ID="V38" name="truck_hijacking" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <varFormat type="numeric"/>
  <labl>Truck hijacking incidents</labl>
  <sumStat type="vald">24206</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="min"/>
  <sumStat type="max">99</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="mean">1.1122862100306</sumStat>
  <sumStat type="stdev">3.7294741901809</sumStat>
</var>
</dataDscr></codeBook>
