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    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>
          zaf-ncsr-krstd-1948-1950-v1
        </titl>
      </titlStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer affiliation="University of Cape Town" role="Metadata producer">
          DataFirst
        </producer>
        <prodDate date="2020-04-03">
          2020-04-03
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        <software version="4.0.10" date="2018-05-02">
          Nesstar Publisher
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          Version 3
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    </citation>
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  <stdyDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>
          Keiskammahoek Rural Survey 1948-1950 Tobacco Data
        </titl>
        <altTitl>
          KRS-TD 1948-1950
        </altTitl>
        <IDNo>
          zaf-ncsr-krstd-1948-1950-v1
        </IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <rspStmt>
        <AuthEnty affiliation="Government of the Union of South Africa">
          National Council for Social Research
        </AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty affiliation="University of Cape Town">
          DataFirst
        </AuthEnty>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="RU" role="Investigator">
          Rhodes University
        </producer>
        <producer abbr="DNA" affiliation="Government of the Union of South Africa" role="Investigator">
          Department of Native Affairs
        </producer>
        <software version="4.0.10" date="2018-05-02">
          Nesstar Publisher
        </software>
        <fundAg abbr="NCSR" role="Funder of the original data collection">
          National Council for Social Research
        </fundAg>
        <fundAg role="Funder of the data rescue initiative">
          Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
        </fundAg>
        <fundAg role="Part funder of the data rescue project">
          Neil Agget Labour Studies Unit, ISER, Rhodes University
        </fundAg>
        <fundAg abbr="ECTP" role="Funder of the tobacco data collection component">
          Economics of Tobacco Control Project, UCT
        </fundAg>
      </prodStmt>
      <distStmt>
        <contact affiliation="University of Cape Town" URI="http://support.data1st.org" email="support@data1st.org">
          DataFirst
        </contact>
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt>
        <serName>
          Household Survey [hh]
        </serName>
        <serInfo>
          National Council for Social Research. Keiskammahoek Rural Survey 1948-1950: Tobacco Data [dataset]. Version 1. National Council for Social Research [producer], 1952. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/82wp-md76
        </serInfo>
      </serStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2018-04-09">
          Version 1: Edited, anonymised dataset for public distribution
        </version>
        <notes>
          This is a subset of the Keiskammahoek Rural Survey 1948-1950, which includes production, income, and expenditure data on tobacco for surveyed households
        </notes>
      </verStmt>
    </citation>
    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <keyword>
          rural areas
        </keyword>
        <keyword>
          Ciskei
        </keyword>
        <keyword>
          Keiskammahoek
        </keyword>
      </subject>
      <abstract>
        <![CDATA[In 1947 South Africa's National Council for Social Research initiated and funded an investigation into the social conditions in a "Native Reserve" in South Africa. The Keiskammahoek District in the Ciskei, in the eastern part of the Union of South Africa, was selected as a sample native rural area for this study.  The region was about 220 square miles with a population of approximately 18,000 inhabitants. The study includes a Family Budget Survey, which as conducted from 1948 to 1950 on a sample of 277 households in five villages in the area (Chatha, Gxulu, Lenye-Burnshill, Mthwaku, and Rabula). The budget survey collected data on agricultural production and household income and expenditure. This dataset is a data subset on tobacco production, income and expenditure of households in these villages. The tobacco data file can be merged with the other data files from the Keiskammahoek Rural Survey available on DataFirst's open data site.]]>
      </abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <collDate date="1948" event="start"/>
        <collDate date="1950" event="end"/>
        <nation>
          South Africa
        </nation>
        <geogCover>
          <![CDATA[The Keiskammahoek Rural Survey covered the Keiskammahoek area of the Ciskei, in the eastern part of the Union of South Africa, now the Eastern Cape Province. Data in the current dataset is for the five villages in which households were enumerated. These are: Mthwaku (households coded J1-50), Catha (K1-75), Rabula ( M1-M50), Lenye-Burnshill (S1-S52), and
Gxulu (T1-T50).]]>
        </geogCover>
        <geogUnit>
          The data is at the level of household, for each village surveyed.
        </geogUnit>
        <anlyUnit>
          Households and individuals
        </anlyUnit>
        <universe>
          <![CDATA[The universe of the survey was all  household members in each Umzi (household unit) in the five villages.]]>
        </universe>
        <dataKind>
          Sample survey data
        </dataKind>
      </sumDscr>
      <notes>
        Tobacco production, income from tobacco sales, and expenditure on tobacco products by households.
      </notes>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <dataCollector abbr="RU">
          Rhodes University
        </dataCollector>
        <dataCollector>
          DataFirst, University of Cape Town
        </dataCollector>
        <collMode>
          Face-to-face [f2f]
        </collMode>
        <resInstru>
          Data on tobacco production, income and expenditure was collected by means of a household budget survey questionnaire, administered to households in the villages enumerated.
        </resInstru>
        <sources/>
        <collSitu>
          Data collection was carried out on a voluntary basis by staff from Rhodes University and the University of Pretoria.
        </collSitu>
      </dataColl>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <useStmt>
        <contact affiliation="University of Cape Town" URI="http://support.data1st.org" email="support@data1st.org">
          DataFirst
        </contact>
        <citReq>
          National Council for Social Research. Keiskammahoek Rural Survey 1948-1950: Tobacco Data [dataset]. Version 1. National Council for Social Research [producer], 1952. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributor], 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/82wp-md76
        </citReq>
        <conditions>
          Public use files, available to all
        </conditions>
      </useStmt>
    </dataAccs>
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        krs-1948-1950-fbs-crops-tobacco.NSDstat
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          0
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        Household ID
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        Expenditure on tobacco by Umzi last week (pounds)
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        Expenditure on tobacco by Umzi last week (shillings)
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        Expenditure on tobacco by Umzi last week (pence)
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        Barley harvested by Umzi last week
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        Beans harvested by Umzi last week
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        Birdseed harvested by Umzi last week
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        Cobs harvested by Umzi last week
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        Corn (sorghum) harvested by Umzi last week
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        Mealies (maize) harvested by Umzi last week
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        Melons harvested by Umzi last week
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        Oats harvested by Umzi last week
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        Onions harvested by Umzi last week
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        Peas harvested by Umzi last week
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        Potatoes harvested by Umzi last week
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        Pumpkins harvested by Umzi last week
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        Wheat harvested by Umzi last week
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        Beans sold by Umzi for cash last week
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        Beanstalks sold by Umzi for cash last week
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        Birdseed sold by Umzi for cash last week
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